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Petroleum Reserve (SPR)
Reinforcing India’s Energy Security: Imperatives for India’s Strategic Oil Buffer


Mohammed Badrul Alam

India’s Strategic Petroleum Reserves remain limited, but expansion through new caverns and UAE partnerships is vital to shield its economy from supply shocks and global energy volatility.

Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK)
AJK at the Boiling Point: Broken Promises Ignite Unrest


Idress Aftab

The so-called Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) is witnessing growing political unrest as long-standing grievances over governance, representation, and basic rights continue to intensify.

Strait of Hormuz
Strait of Hormuz, Iran Crisis and India: Why it matters?


Mohammed Badrul Alam

As conflict between the United States, Israel, and Iran intensifies, the Strait of Hormuz – the world's most critical energy chokepoint – has emerged as the focal point of a growing geopolitical and economic crisis. This article examines how disruptions in the Persian Gulf threaten global oil and gas supplies, destabilize international shipping networks, and threatens a wider regional conflict extending to the Red Sea.

Issue Briefs

Pakistan-Afghan
The Changing Contours of Pakistan-Afghanistan Relations


Ashish Shukla

Once strategic allies, Pakistan and Afghanistan are now engaged in direct military conflict. Despite Chinese mediation, cross-border airstrikes and TTP militancy have pushed bilateral relations to an unprecedented historic low.

Pak-Afg War
The Geopolitical Logic of the Ongoing Afghanistan–Pakistan War


Syed Eesar Mehdi

This Issue Brief examines how the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) evolved from a regional strategic asset into an autonomous insurgent threat, fuelling a cycle of blame and instability between Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Russia-Ukrain
Russia’s Odessa Drive: Geopolitical Imperatives and Competing Visions


Deepak Mehra

Russia’s intensified strikes on Odessa highlight its bid to neutralise Ukraine’s maritime lifeline and assert dominance in the Black Sea. Rooted in historical claims and NATO security fears, Moscow’s campaign threatens Ukraine’s economy, global food security, and regional stability, while exposing the limits of international institutions.